Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
The primary site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells is the:
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called:
What is a key characteristic of active transport?
If a red blood cell is placed in a solution and neither swells nor shrinks, the solution is likely:
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
The building blocks of proteins are:
A biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed is called an:
Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate that stores energy in plants?
DNA and RNA are examples of:
Enzymes function by:
Fats, oils, and waxes are examples of which type of macromolecule?
Factors that can affect enzyme activity include:
What does DNA stand for?
In a DNA molecule, which nitrogenous bases pair together?
A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or protein is called a:
Different forms of a gene are called:
In Mendelian genetics, if 'T' represents the dominant allele for tallness and 't' represents the recessive allele for shortness, which genotype represents a heterozygous tall plant?
During protein synthesis, where does translation occur?
The type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome is:
The products of photosynthesis are:
The green pigment in plants that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis is:
Where does most of cellular respiration occur in eukaryotic cells?
The products of aerobic cellular respiration are:
Explain why a stalk of celery becomes limp when placed in a concentrated salt solution, but becomes crisp again when placed in plain water. Relate your answer to the concept of osmosis. (4 points)
Describe how pH affects the activity of an enzyme. Use an example to illustrate your explanation. (4 points)
In a certain plant, red flowers (R) are dominant over white flowers (r). If two heterozygous red-flowered plants are crossed: a) What are the genotypes of the parent plants? b) Draw a Punnett square to show the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring. c) What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring? d) What is the probability that an offspring will have red flowers? White flowers? (6 points)
Design a simple experiment to investigate how an environmental factor affects the growth of a common houseplant. Include the following in your answer: a) A clear research question. b) Identify the independent, dependent, and at least three controlled variables. c) Outline the basic procedure you would follow. (6 points)
Refer to the graph above showing the rate of carbon dioxide uptake by a plant at different light intensities. a) Describe the relationship between light intensity and the rate of carbon dioxide uptake shown in the graph. b) Explain what the 'plateau' or leveling-off of the graph indicates about the process of photosynthesis. What could be a limiting factor at this point? (5 points)
a) Describe one essential safety procedure that must be followed in a biology lab and explain why it is important. (2 points) b) Name and describe the function of three different pieces of equipment commonly found in a biology lab. (3 points)