Which of the following is considered the basic unit of life?
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell?
A key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence of which organelle in eukaryotic cells?
Which part of a plant cell is primarily responsible for maintaining its turgor pressure and overall shape?
What are the basic building blocks (monomers) of proteins?
Which type of macromolecule is primarily used by living organisms for long-term energy storage and insulation?
Enzymes are a type of protein that primarily functions to:
Which of the following describes the main function of nucleic acids?
The double helix structure of DNA was famously described by:
What is the primary purpose of mitosis?
Different forms of a gene are called:
If a recessive allele is present but not expressed in an organism, what term describes the organism's genetic makeup for that trait?
In which plant organelle does photosynthesis primarily occur?
Which gas is absorbed by plants from the atmosphere for photosynthesis?
The two main products of photosynthesis are:
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of:
In eukaryotic cells, the majority of ATP produced during aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the:
What is the primary energy-carrying molecule produced by cellular respiration that fuels most cellular activities?
Which type of cellular respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen and produces far less ATP?
Compared to anaerobic respiration (fermentation), aerobic respiration produces:
Lab Report Analysis: Fertilizer and Plant Growth
Scenario: Effect of Fertilizer Concentration on Plant Growth
A group of 9th-grade science students designed an experiment to investigate how different concentrations of a new liquid fertilizer affect the growth of bean plants. They prepared five identical pots, each containing the same type and amount of soil, and planted a single bean seed of the same variety in each. All pots received the same amount of water and were placed in an area with consistent light and temperature.
For four weeks, they applied different concentrations of the liquid fertilizer to four of the pots and plain water (0% fertilizer) to one control pot. At the end of the four weeks, they measured the average height of the plants in each pot.
Table 1: Average Plant Height After Four Weeks
Group | Fertilizer Concentration (%) | Average Plant Height (cm) |
---|---|---|
A (Control) | 0.0 | 10.2 |
B | 0.5 | 15.5 |
C | 1.0 | 22.1 |
D | 1.5 | 18.7 |
E | 2.0 | 12.3 |
Based on the scenario and data provided, answer the following questions.
(21) (22) (23) (24) (25)
Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this experiment.
State a testable hypothesis for this experiment.
Interpret the data presented in Table 1 and draw a conclusion about the effect of fertilizer concentration on bean plant growth.
Suggest one potential source of error in this experimental design OR one way to improve the experimental design.
Briefly explain the scientific principle demonstrated by the experimental results regarding fertilizer concentration.
Describe the structure and function of the major organelles within a eukaryotic cell (e.g., nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes). Explain how these organelles work together to maintain cell homeostasis.
Explain the process of DNA replication, including the key enzymes involved and why this process is considered semi-conservative. Discuss the importance of accurate DNA replication.
Compare and contrast the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Discuss their interdependence in the carbon cycle.