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This exam was created by a large language model. Please use it with caution, as inaccuracies may be present. Always verify critical information.

What was the capital city of the Byzantine Empire?

Select one option

Rome

Alexandria

Constantinople

Athens

Emperor Justinian is best known for developing a comprehensive system of laws called the:

Select one option

Hammurabi's Code

Twelve Tables

Justinian Code

Magna Carta

Which of the following was a major contribution of the Byzantine Empire?

Select one option

It invented the printing press.

It preserved Greek and Roman culture.

It discovered the New World.

It developed the first democratic government.

Which of these is an important Islamic architectural achievement?

Select one option

Colosseum

Parthenon

Dome of the Rock

Pyramids of Giza

What significant mathematical concept, used today, was developed by Islamic scholars?

Select one option

Geometry

Algebra

Calculus

Arabic numerals

During the Islamic Golden Age, which city was a major center of learning and scholarship?

Select one option

Mecca

Jerusalem

Constantinople

Baghdad

What was the dominant social and political system in medieval Europe, based on land ownership and loyalty?

Select one option

Democracy

Communism

Feudalism

Capitalism

The self-sufficient estate where lords lived and peasants worked during the Middle Ages was called a:

Select one option

Castle

Village

Manor

Fief

Which institution held the most power and influence in Western Europe during the Middle Ages?

Select one option

The Holy Roman Empire

The Viking Kings

The Roman Catholic Church

The merchant guilds

10.

The devastating plague that swept across Europe in the 14th century, killing millions, was known as the:

Select one option

Great Famine

Hundred Years' War

Black Death

Peasants' Revolt

11.

What were the Crusades?

Select one option

A series of trade expeditions to Asia.

A series of peasant uprisings against feudal lords.

A series of religious wars to reclaim the Holy Land.

A series of debates between scholars and the Church.

12.

One significant outcome of the Crusades was:

Select one option

The collapse of the Byzantine Empire.

The complete elimination of feudalism.

Increased trade between Europe and the Middle East.

The establishment of a unified European empire.

13.

The term 'Renaissance' literally means:

Select one option

Revolution

Renewal

Rebirth

Reform

14.

Where did the Renaissance primarily begin?

Select one option

France

England

Germany

Italy

15.

What was humanism, a key intellectual movement of the Renaissance?

Select one option

A focus on the divine and afterlife.

A focus on military conquest and power.

A focus on human potential and achievement.

A focus on the structure of feudal society.

16.

Which Renaissance artist painted the 'Mona Lisa' and 'The Last Supper'?

Select one option

Michelangelo

Raphael

Donatello

Leonardo da Vinci

17.

Who sculpted 'David' and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?

Select one option

Leonardo da Vinci

Raphael

Michelangelo

Sandro Botticelli

18.

Johannes Gutenberg's invention greatly helped spread the ideas of the Renaissance and Reformation. What was it?

Select one option

Telescope

Compass

Printing press

Astrolabe

19.

Who is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation by posting the 95 Theses?

Select one option

John Calvin

King Henry VIII

Martin Luther

Erasmus

20.

One of the main practices of the Catholic Church that Martin Luther criticized was the:

Select one option

Building of cathedrals

Use of Latin in services

Selling of indulgences

Emphasis on charity

21.

What was a significant impact of the Protestant Reformation?

Select one option

It unified all of Europe under one religion.

It led to a decrease in literacy rates.

It challenged the authority of the Catholic Church.

It ended all religious conflicts in Europe.

22.

Which English monarch broke away from the Catholic Church primarily because he wanted a divorce?

Select one option

King John

King Edward III

King Henry VIII

Queen Elizabeth I

23.

The Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation was known as the:

Select one option

Great Schism

Inquisition

Counter-Reformation

Council of Nicaea

24.

How did the growth of trade and towns in the late Middle Ages contribute to the Renaissance?

Select one option

It led to a decline in artistic production.

It caused an increase in feudal warfare.

Trade routes expanded, new ideas spread, and cities grew.

It made the Catholic Church less powerful.

25.

How did Byzantine culture influence Eastern Europe and Russia?

Select one option

It led to the adoption of Roman Catholicism.

It had no significant impact.

It influenced art, architecture, and law.

It caused the collapse of their governments.

26.

Compare and contrast the key characteristics and contributions of two of the following civilizations/periods: the Byzantine Empire, Islamic Civilizations during their Golden Age, or Medieval Europe. Then, explain how these characteristics and contributions influenced later periods of world history.

The Black Death in Europe

Document-Based Question (DBQ): The Black Death

Document 1: Account of Giovanni Boccaccio from The Decameron (c. 1353) "In the year of our Lord 1348, there happened in the city of Florence, the most beautiful of Italian cities, a most terrible plague. The sick, when they felt the first symptoms, were filled with a terror which caused them to despair of recovery. The disease was not only rapid in its onset but highly contagious, infecting the healthy from the sick through mere contact, or even by touching their clothing. So many died that the churches and graveyards became too small to hold them all. The dead were carried by the thousands and laid in trenches, piled up like cargo in a ship."

Document 2: Map showing the Spread of the Black Death

Document 3: Excerpt from The Chronicle of Jean de Venette (c. 1360) "Neither physicians nor medicines were of any use in this plague, for the sickness passed from one to another by contact or by breathing. And no remedy was found; those infected died almost immediately. Such was the mortality that a third part of the world died. Fields were left uncultivated, and there was no one to herd the sheep or cattle. Many towns and villages were entirely deserted; many houses, including great noble houses, stood empty. Those who remained alive inherited property and goods of great value without payment. Thus, many became rich, and the price of food fell due to fewer mouths to feed and abandoned fields."

Document 4: Image of a medieval doctor wearing a 'beak' mask

Document 5: Chart of European Population Estimates (Millions)

Year	Estimated Population (Millions)
1300	79
1340	79
1350	50
1400	50

Source: Adapted from various historical estimates.

27.

Using the provided documents and your knowledge of world history, analyze the causes and effects of the Black Death in Europe during the 14th century.