Alex approaches you, saying, 'I'm really struggling with C++ memory management, especially coming from Python's automatic garbage collection. It's just not clicking.'

To start, explain the concept of the stack in C++ memory management. Your explanation should cover its characteristics, typical use cases, and how memory is allocated and deallocated on it.

Now, explain the concept of the heap in C++ memory management to Alex. Your explanation should cover its characteristics, typical use cases, and how memory is allocated and deallocated on it.

Alex asks: 'When would I typically use one over the other?' Provide clear examples of when it's appropriate to use the stack versus the heap.

Alex asks: 'In Python, objects just get garbage collected. What do new and delete do in C++?'

First, explain the purpose of the new operator in C++ and what it returns.

Now, explain the purpose of the delete operator in C++ and why it's crucial.

Alex asks for a practical example: 'Can you show me a simple code snippet demonstrating new and delete?'

Provide a C++ code example that allocates an integer on the heap using new, assigns it a value, prints the value, and then deallocates it using delete.

Alex says: 'I've heard C++ has common memory bugs. What are some I should watch out for?'

First, explain what a memory leak is, why it's problematic, and provide a C++ code example that demonstrates a memory leak.

Now, explain what a dangling pointer is, why it's problematic, and provide a C++ code example that demonstrates a dangling pointer.

Alex asks: 'How can I avoid these kinds of bugs?'

Suggest at least two best practices or strategies for preventing memory leaks and dangling pointers in C++.