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Database Sharding: Concepts, Strategies, and Challenges

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This exam was created by a large language model. Please use it with caution, as inaccuracies may be present. Always verify critical information.

Define database sharding in your own words.

Explain why database sharding is employed, specifically addressing the bottlenecks it aims to resolve.

Which of the following are primary goals of database sharding? Select all that apply.

Select exactly 3 option(s)

Scalability

Improved Performance

Enhanced Fault Tolerance

Simplified Database Design

Reduced Data Redundancy

Describe how simple hashing-based sharding works, including how data is distributed.

Which of the following is an advantage of simple hashing-based sharding?

Select all that apply

Guarantees efficient range queries

Ensures even data distribution initially

Simplifies data rebalancing

Minimizes 'hot spots' entirely

What is a significant disadvantage of simple hashing-based sharding when it comes to scaling out by adding or removing shards?

Explain the mechanism of range-based sharding and how data is assigned to shards.

An advantage of range-based sharding is its efficiency for which type of database operation?

Select all that apply

Random point lookups

Complex joins across all data

Range queries

Batch inserts of unrelated data

Identify two potential disadvantages of range-based sharding, focusing on data distribution and performance.

10.

In the context of database sharding, define what a 'hot spot' is.

11.

Explain why 'hot spots' occur, linking their occurrence to the sharding strategies discussed (hashing-based and range-based).

12.

Describe the impact of 'hot spots' on overall database performance and scalability.

13.

Two common mitigation strategies for 'hot spots' in sharded databases include _______ and intelligent ______ ______.